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Origin of the Cairnduff & Carnduff names.
The Earliest History.
From the Royal Seal of Scotland, Page 277. A.D. 1383-84 (13 Rob.II) item number 749.
749. (Confirmacio Johannis de Lyndesay.)
Robertus, etc. Sciatis nos approbase, etc., donacionem illam et concessionem quas nos antiquam ad stratum regium pervenimus fecimus dilecto et fideli nostro Jahanni de Lyndesay de Dunrode, pro homagio et servico sue, de terris mensalibus que dicuntur demania baronie de Kilbrid, infra vicecomitatum de Lanark, una cum terris que dicuntur Rogertona, necnon terris que dicuntur Half-Kyttoksyde, Thorntona, Bogtona, Haf-Threpland, Carnduff, Flacfyld in Browsterland cum pertinenciis, infra dictam baroniam existentibus excepta una pecia terre que dicitur Philphill que continetur in carta sua, quam non confirmamus Tenendus et habendas eidem Johanni et heredibus suis predictas terras suprascriptas, excepta illa terra que dicitur Philphill, in feodo et hereditate, per (sic) omnibus et per omnia adeo libere, etc., sicut carta nostra sub sigillo nostro senescalli Scocie sibi inde confecta in se juste continit (sic) et propartat. Salvo servicio nostro. In cujus rei, etc. Testibus ut Supra. Apud Dunbrettan, duodecimo die Novembris anno regni nostri terciodecimo. R. vii. 33.
AFFIRMATION CONCERNING JOHN DE LYNDESAY
Robert etc,.Let you [ ye ] know that we have approved that grant and concession which, before we attained to kingly rank, we made to our beloved and faithful John De Lyndesay of Dunrode for his homage and service of the mensae lands which are named’ the shemsne of the Barony of Kilbrid below the county of Lanark together with the lands which are called Rogertona and [ as well as ] the lands which are called Half-Kyttoksyde, Thorntona, Bogtona, Half-Threpland, Carnduff, Flacfyld in Browsterland with their appurtenances existing below the afore mentioned Barony except a piece of land which is called Philphill, which is contained in the charter [ but ] which we do not confirm; all the above named and above mentioned lands, except the land which is called [ named ] Philphill to be held and possessed by the same John and his heirs as a fief with hereditary rights in all ways and in all circumstances without and hindrances etc just as our charter, drawn up under the seal of the Seneschal of Scotland rightly holds [ ? ] and alots to him. Our service being sound and well ! the witnesses of this matter being as above. At Dunbrettan, 12th day of November in the 13th year of our reign R.VII .33.
Thanks to Trinity College Dublin for the Latin translation above and comments below.
translation
The Scottish surname, Cairnduff and Carnduff has numerous variant forms, a rare surname of locative origin, deriving from the name of the place where the initial bearer once lived or held lands, thus affording him suitable means of identity in his local community. From time to time the surname was spelt Carnduff, Carnduf, Cairnduf, Cairnduffe, Cairnduff. the changes in spelling frequently occurred, even between father and son. The family name is believed to be descended from the Strathclyde Britons. by the 16th and 17th centuries many of our modern family names descended from this ancient race, including, Cairnduff.The lands of Carnduff in the old Lordship of Avondale in Lanarkshire appear to be one of the homes of this surname, and a few miles away in the outskirts of Strathaven To this day on maps we find hills named Cairnduff and Carnduff and other signs of the old clan. Like their Irish speaking kinsmen, Gaelic-speaking Scots were forced to seek emigration in large numbers by many factors; defeat and discrimination after the 1745 rebellion, famine, and above all clearances of whole populations by rapacious landlords during the nineteenth century. It as the custom in medieval times that the predominant clans in any particular area would offer their patronage and protection to the smaller and weaker families and the Cairnduff's were a smaller grouping in the Avondale area, where the Frasers predominated. There would be no doubt that the Cairnduff's claimed the protection of the Frasers, including the use of their tartans.In 1524, and 1526 John Carnduff witnessed charters by Andrew, Lord of Avondale, and several individuals of this name were recorded in the commissariot record of Glasgow between 1618 and 1688. David Carnduff was chief of the clan 1670 and at that time another important figure was John Carnduff of Strathhaven.William Carneduff was mentioned in the commissariot record of Hamilton in 1671, and the exact spelling of the name, Cairnduff was first recorded in Edinburgh in the year 1681.Many border clans settled in Northern Ireland between 1650 and 1700, and in the years after many of the Cairnduff  and Carnduff families emigrated to America,Cananda New Zealand and Australia. The name CARNDUFF was  given to a town in South Saskatchewan, Canada and named after John Porter Carnduff an Irish immigrant and the towns first Postmaster
map2 From Kilmarnock, and seven from Ayr, His two sous and a few of tlieir followers escaped to Sir Winter de Hamelton, the ancestor of the Dukes of this name, who also at first took the side of Baliol. To preserve them from the wrath of the followers of Bruce, Sir Winter de Hamelton placed them in a moorish district in the parish of Avondale, in Lanarkshire, with Cairnduff as their central home, and changed their name from the Highland Alister to the Lowland Alison.This was in 1310, or the Allisons were in Cairnduff in that year. The estate of Cairnduff was then the property of John Hamilton,Sir Winter de Hamilton of Hamilton. He and the}" were placed in Cairnduff, Avon- dale, where his name was changed from the Highland Alister to the Lowland name Alison. He was settled in Cairnduff, Avondale, in 1310. Information from the Royal Seal of Scotland, 1383 King Robert II gives various lands to one John De Lyndesay, probably the warrior knight is mentioned for his bravery at the battle of Otterburn in 1388, one of the lands given was called Carnduff in the parish of Avondale in the county of Lanark. The family name is believed to be descended from the Strathclyde Britons. by the 16th and 17th centuries many of our modern family names descended from this ancient race, including, Cairnduff. The lands of Carnduff in the old Lordship of Avondale in Lanarkshire appear to be the home of this surname, To this day on maps we find hills named Cairnduff and Carnduff and other signs of the old clan. Like their Irish speaking kinsmen, Gaelic speaking Scots were forced to seek emigration in large numbers by many factors;
Defeat and discrimination after the 1745 rebellion, famine, and above all clearances of whole populations by rapacious landlords during the nineteenth century. It as the custom in medieval times that the predominant clans in any particular area would offer their patronage and protection to the smaller and weaker families and the Cairnduff's were a smaller grouping in the Avondale area, where the Allison's predominated. There would be no doubt that the Cairnduff's claimed the protection of the Allison's, including the use of their tartans. In 1524, and 1526 John Carnduff witnessed charters by Andrew, Lord of Avondale, and several individuals of this name were recorded in the commissariot record of Glasgow between 1618 and 1688. David Carnduff was chief of the clan 1670 and at that time another important figure was John Carnduff of Strathhaven.William Carneduff was mentioned in the commissariot record of Hamilton in 1671, and the exact spelling of the name, Cairnduff was first in Edinburgh in the year 1681. It is believed the name derives from the Scottish Gaelic - Cnoc dubh - meaning black hill.
origen1
The above video was created by Robert Griffith
cairn1
click on any of the 4 photos below to enlarge.
1
2
4
3
The Cairn's site, Cairnduff Brae as seen from the east.
The remnants of the cairn.
The view of Stewarton.
Stones within the cairn.
Cairnduff Hill.
cairnduff hill
stuarton1856
The Glasgow Hearld Newspaper 1856.
Adjourned Sale of the Farm of Cairnduff, 20th November,1856.
Urset Price reduced to £3000.
The distance between Stewarton & Avondale is about 26 Miles
sold
farm
Link 1. more information on the Cairnduff name
Some of Earliest records of the name and variations.
Surname
Forename
Date
Description
Carnduff
Jonet
16 January 1565
spouse to James Moresoune, perrochinar of Strathaven
Carnduff John born abt 1588 Glassford
Carneduff
Johnne
12 February 1592
in Bent, parish of Avondale, sheriffdom of Lanark
Carneduff
Williame
25 December 1594
in Braikanrig, sheriffdom of Lanark
Carnduff David born 1603 Houston
Carnduff William born 12 Aug 1608 Glassford
Cairnduff Mary born 1613 Greenock Old
Cairnduff John born 1613 St Ninians
Carneduff
Williame
7 July 1618
corduner, [in Dyikis] within the parish of Evindaill
Cairnduff James born 1619 Milton Glasgow
Carnduff Andro born abt 1620 Kirkady Fife  married 12 Aug 1641 Rachell Robertson
Carneduff
Alexander
27 July 1632
chapman in Strahaven, parish of Evindaill
Carneduff
John
31 July 1633
in Windiedge, parish of Strahaven
Carnduff Amelia born 1649 Houston
Carnduff
Andro
16 October 1658
merchant in Strathaven, parish of Avendale
Carnduff
William
3 October 1671
in Balboig, parish of Hamilton
Carnduff
Jonet
10 February 1672
in Gallowhill, parish of Avendale
Carnduff
John
4 May 1688
merchant in Srathaven, parish of Evendale
Hamilton John born 16 Nov 1707
Mother Janet Carnduff 
father John Hamilton Fairholm, Lanark

Some of the variations found so far of the surname.

name variations

crest
translation of the above Latin:
Tenacious of purpose
Below: Excerpt of letters patent from the Lyon King of Arms, in favour of David Carnduff Esquire, dated 19 March 1890.

Whereas David Carnduff Esquire, formally inspector of schools in the Bengal Education Department, hath by petition of date the fifteenth day of January ultimo represented unto Us that he is the sixth but fourth surviving son of the late Andrew Carnduff Esquire, who resided at Millburn in the parish of Tarbolton and county of Ayr. And Elizabeth daughter of James Reid, Esquire, his wife; and hath Prayed that we would grant Our Licence and Authority to him and his descendants to bear and use such Ensigns Armorial as such be found suitable and according  to the Laws of Arms; Know ye therefore that We have devised and do by these presents Assign, Ratify, and confirm to the said David Carnduff Esquire, and to his descendants with such congruent differences as may hereafter be matriculated for them the following Ensigns Armorial, as depicted upon the margin hereof and Matriculated of even date with these presents in our Public Register of all Arms and Bearings in Scotland, Viz.t Argent, on a Saltire Azure between an Eagle displayed Sable in chief and a Serpent nowed in base Vert, a Martlet of the first, above the shield is placed a helmet befitting his degree with a Mantling Jules doubled Argent, and on a wreath of his Liveries is set for Crest, a Dexter-hand grasping a banner Argent charged with a Saltire coupled Azure, and in an Escrol over the same this Motto, “Tenax proposite” Matriculated the nineteenth day of March 1890  M Mitchell Lyon Clerk.

Documents where the Surnames are found
Scotland Births 1855 to 1913 (352 entries) Scotland Old Parish Reg pre 1855 (38 entries) Scotland Death Indexes 1855- 2012 (519 entries)
Scotland Census 1841 (110 entries) Scotland Census 1851 (180 entries) Scotland Census 1861 Census (198 entries)
Scotland Census 1871(137 entries) Scotland Census 1881(157 entries) Scotland Census 1891 (116 entries)
Scotland Census 1901 (83 entries) Scotland Census 1911 (146 entries) Scotland Census 1881 LDS(157 entries)
Scotland Will Ext 1513 to 1925(34 entries)    
 
England Births (141 entries)  England Deaths Indexes(30 entries) England Marriages ( 92entries)
England Census 1841 (3 entries) England Census 1851 (3 entries) England Census 1861 (7 entries)
England Census 1871 (13 entries)  England Census 1881(10 entries) England Census 1891 (11 entries)
England Census 1901 (61 entries) England Census 1911 (27 entries)   
 
Ireland Births (149 entries) Ireland Deaths Indexes (344 entries) Ireland Marriages (184 entries)
Ireland Census 1901 (192 entries) Ireland Census 1911 (202 entries) Griffiths Valuation 1860-1863 ( 26 entries)
Ireland Ulster Covenant ( 92 entries) Freeholders 1727-1793 (17 entries)  
 
Canada Births (32 entries)  Canada Deaths (59 entries) Canada Mariages (33 entries)
Canada Census 1851 (2 entries)  Canada Census 1861 (6 entries) Canada Census 1871 (11 entries)
Canada Census 1881 (11 entries) Canada Census 1891 (26 entries) Canada Census 1901 (32 entries)
Canada Census 1906 (19 entries) Canada Census 1911(38 entries)  Canada Census 1916 (21 entries)
Canada Census 1921 (45 entries)    
 
USA Births (21 entries) USA Deaths (230 entries) USA Marriages (61entries)
USA Census 1830 (2 entries) USA Census 1840 (2 entries) USA Census 1850 (18 entries)
USA Census 1860 (34entries)  USA Census 1870 (44 entries) USA Census 1880 (47 entries)
USA Census 1890 (destroyed by fire) USA Census 1900 (114 entries) USA Census 1910 (109 entries)
USA Census 1920 (152 entries) USA Census 1930 (135 entries) USA Census 1940 (87 entries)
 
Australian Voters 1903-1980 (677 entries) Australian War Draft List (21 entries)  
War deaths in the armed forces (27 entries ) War Graves Photographic Project (16 photos)  
Name Distribution 2014, (found the information below on the internet net,I am unsure about how accurate it is?)
names
15 Jan 2018
For non-commercial private study and research only
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